Learn what active risk is and how to calculate it. Understand the methods to evaluate active risk in portfolios and explore examples of funds outperforming benchmarks.

Liz Manning has researched, written, and edited trading, investing, and personal finance content for years, following her time working in institutional sales, commercial banking, retail investing, ...

Derivatives are financial contracts. Their value comes from an underlying asset. The asset can be a stock, index, commodity or currency. Traders do not buy the asset directly. They trade on expected ...

The cost of protecting Oracle Corp.’s debt against default is surging by the most since 2021, as jittery investors and lenders rush to hedge against the billions of dollars the software giant is ...

Financial derivatives are a form of secondary investment, involving a derivative of an underlying security to provide contracts with specific terms including fixed values or fixed time periods.

Abstract: This paper proposes a new method to construct a strong Lyapunov function starting from a weak Lyapunov function. Using a modified Taylor series expansion that involves higher order ...

The futures contracts are regulated by the US CFTC and add to a growing list of crypto derivatives products available for retail and institutional investors. Coinbase has listed futures contracts for ...

Abstract: Sigmoid function and ReLU are commonly used activation functions in neural networks (NN). However, sigmoid function is vulnerable to the vanishing gradient problem, while ReLU has a special ...

As we look ahead to 2025, the derivatives market is set to experience another pivotal year of regulatory transformation. Regulatory compliance is no longer a ‘one-and-done’ project. It has become a ...