First-order derivatives: n additional function calls are needed. Second-order derivatives based on gradient calls, when the "grd" module is specified (Dennis and Schnabel 1983): n additional gradient ...

Abstract: The integrity and longevity of road infrastructure are critical for ensuring safe and efficient transportation. How-ever, road deterioration is a pervasive issue, exacerbated by the ...

Have you ever wondered why some designs click with people but others fall flat? It isn’t magic, but it might as well be. Enter design elements – the basic units of building that transform a blank ...