For some mental processes, humans and animals likely follow similar lines of thinking. Catherine Falls Commercial/Moment via Getty Images Can a monkey, a pigeon or a fish reason like a person? It’s a ...

Think wasps are all stings and no intellect? Not quite. A new study from the University of Michigan revealed that there's evidence that paper wasps are actually quite smart, behaving in shockingly ...

We all have the habit of trying to guess the killer in a movie before the big reveal. That’s us making inferences. It’s what happens when your brain connects the dots without being told everything ...

We often express our thoughts in words to communicate ideas, present arguments or make decisions. But what format and structure do these thoughts take in the brain? In the fields of philosophy, ...

Large language models have found great success so far by using their transformer architecture to effectively predict the next words (i.e., language tokens) needed to respond to queries. When it comes ...

This paper concerns modal logics of provability -- Gödel-Löb system GL and Solovay logic S -- the smallest and the greatest representation of arithmetical theories in propositional logic respectively.